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Spiders are abundant (over 1,000,000 individuals per acre in
a grassy field) and can be found almost anywhere from the bedroom closet
to the 22,000 foot level on Mt. Everest. There are about 2,500 different
species in North America. Some live in holes in the ground while others
may be found under rocks or logs. Those that prefer dark, shaded areas may
also occur in cellars and basements. These species may become established
in homes.
Most spiders found in homes and buildings are "accidental
invaders" that have entered around doors, windows, or other openings.
Homes in wooded areas or with naturalized or landscaped foundations may be
prone to more frequent invasion because the surroundings are ideal spider
habitats.
Spiders are beneficial, feeding mostly on small insects and other
arthropods. Some trap their prey in webs or snares; others are active
hunters that use excellent vision to stalk or ambush their food. Virtually
all spiders have poison glands that connect with the fangs. Venom produced
by the glands apparently is used to kill or paralyze prey and in defense.
Only a few species, such as the black widow and the brown recluse, have
venom that is very toxic or harmful to humans.
Most species do not attempt to bite; many have fangs that are not
capable of piercing the skin. However, some will, with results that are
similar to a wasp or bee sting. There is the chance that a person can have
an allergic reaction to the venom. |